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  • What does annual primary energy demand mean?
    Annual energy quantity which, in addition to the energy content of the fuel and the auxiliary energies for the plant technology, also includes the energy quantity required for the extraction, conversion and distribution of the respective fuels used (upstream process chains outside the building) using the primary energy factors applicable to the respective energy sources. Primary energy can also be used as an assessment variable for ecological criteria such as CO2 emissions, because it includes the total energy required for heating the building.
  • What is meant by approval?
    Upon approval, a work (or a self-contained part of a work) is delivered and becomes the responsibility of the customer. Approval usually takes place after it has been established that the result has no or only insignificant defects (delivery in accordance with the contract), on the occasion of a joint inspection by the customer and contractor.
  • What is argon filling?
    Whereas the space between the panes of windows used to be filled only with air, the inert gas argon is now standard in modern building elements. Argon is an inert chemical element that belongs to the group of noble gases. Windows with multiple glazing use argon as a filler between the panes of glass, which increases thermal insulation by about 10% compared to dry air as a filler. The optimal space between the panes with argon is 16mm.
  • What are the special features of ash as a material?
    Abbreviation DIN EN 13556: FXEX Botanical name Fraxinus excelsior; Fraxinus spp.; family of the Oleaceae Dissemination Europe, Middle East, North America Trade names: frêne (FR), frassino (IT), fresno (ES), ash (EN) Short description The commercial assortment of ash comprises numerous species, which are mainly native to North America and Europe. Like beech, ash is a so-called facultative heartwood former, i.e. the colour core can only be formed later (at the earliest at the age of 40) induced by exogenous factors (e.g. injuries). According to the current developments on the market for furnishing woods, ash is one of the most important hardwood suppliers. Especially the light colour and the ring-porous structure characterise the decorative wood image. But also the seldom occurring olive core of the ash currently achieves a high added value. The frequently occurring brown heartwood core of ash usually leads to a reduction in the value of the trunks. In the course of the revaluation of vividly coloured woods (cf. red-heart beech), however, a trend reversal is also becoming apparent here. The sapwood of ash is white to yellowish and very wide (up to 19 cm). The heartwood retains the light yellow colour of the sapwood. With age an optional colour core can be formed. In American ash this core is usually grey-brown to brown, in European ash grey-brown to olive and often cloudy (so-called brown heartwood). In individual cases, a striped olive-brown colour core can be formed, comparable to olive wood (Olea europaea). The growth zone boundaries are clearly visible through the multi-row, large early wood pores. These form prominent stripes (radial) and flakes (tangential) on the longitudinal surfaces. There is no interlocked twist and rarely latch growth. Overall character Ring-porous, very rich in structure, decorative, hard and very elastic wood with colour variability from whitish over olive to brown. Workability The hard and elastic wood is easy and clean to work. It is easy to bend, knife, peel, turn and glue. Pre-drilling should be done for nails and screws. The surface treatment is unproblematic, pore fillers can be used to lighten the wood optically, e.g. by so-called lime. UV protective varnish is advisable to prevent yellowing. Drying With gentle drying, cracks and warping can be largely ruled out. Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2) The natural durability of ash, including the colour core, is poor according to the classification in durability class 5 of DIN EN 350, as the core materials are not embedded in the cell walls. Areas of application Due to its low natural durability, the wood is mainly used for interior applications. Here it is particularly suitable for decorative veneers, floors, stairs and furniture. Ash wood is also used for dynamically stressed parts such as sports equipment, tool handles, ladders, boat straps and musical instruments (batons). Through thermal modification, the natural durability and dimensional stability of ash wood can be significantly improved, making it suitable for outdoor use. Remarks Metals cause dark discoloration when combined with moisture. Ash - Technical properties Weight fresh 600-800-1 140 kg/m³ Bulk density air-dry (12-15% u)0.45-0.69-0.86 g/cm³ Compressive strength u12-1520-44-68 N/mm² Flexural strength u12-1549-102-178 N/mm² Modulus of elasticity (bending) u12-154 400-13 400-18 100 N/mm² Hardness (JANKA) ⊥, converted6.7-10.5 kN Hardness (BRINELL) ⊥ to fiber u12-1528-40 N/mm² Differential shrinkage (radial)0.17-0.21 % Differential shrinkage (tangential)0.27-0.38 %pH-Wert≈ 5.8 Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2)5
  • What are the special features of beech as a material?
    Abbreviation according to DIN EN 13556: FASY Botanical name: Fagus sylvatica, family Fagaceae - Fagoideae Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean area including North Africa and Middle East, temperate Asia Trade names: beech, copper beech, common beech (D), beech (USA, GB), hêtre (F), faggio (I), beuken (NL), haya (E), kaym (TR), rödbok (S), buk (CS, PL, RU), bökk (H) Beech - Description and characteristics Short description Beech is the most important deciduous tree species in Germany, accounting for about 15 % of the forest area. Newer silvicultural concepts, which take into account the characteristics of beech as an excellent mixed tree species, lead us to expect an increasing amount of beech wood in the future. The highest added value currently lies in the upper strength classes of the trunk wood, whose natural accompaniment is the red heartwood of beech. This facultative core, induced by external factors (especially branch breakage), develops under very individual conditions in the physiologically active tissue that beech possesses over the entire cross-section of the trunk until old age. The simple light beech is still preferred by the market at present, but thanks to targeted marketing, the demand for beech redheart is increasing, especially in the furniture and parquet sectors. Beech trees prefer to grow in the plains to lower altitudes of the low mountain ranges and require good soils. the trees reach heights of 25 to a maximum of 40 m with knotless shafts of up to 15 m and diameters of 50-80 cm, occasionally up to 1 m and more. The trunk, which grows in the stand, is mostly straight-edged, cylindrical and woody. Colour and structure The sapwood is grey-pink to yellowish and takes up the entire cross-section of the trunk. At the age (from approx. 80 years on) it mostly comes to the formation of a facultative redheart. This is characterized by a lively, multi-zone or cloudy gradated red-brown colouring. Growth zones are clearly recognizable by denser late wood with fewer vessels and form fine grain on the tangential surfaces. Wood rays are present in two different sizes and produce characteristic dark spindles on the tangential surfaces, which are visible as clear mirrors on the radial surfaces. Overall character Bright, homogeneously plain wood with a hard and dense surface characterized by characteristic wood rays. The wood of older trees often has a decorative red-brown colour core (red heartwood). Surface treatment The dry wood can be treated with all preparations according to any method, if the preparations are one that is adapted to the evenly dense surface. flowability or concentration. Beech wood can be adapted to almost any desired colour by staining. Where the natural colour or the colour intensified by steaming is to be expressed, clear and matt glossy agents are generally used for surface treatment, such as colourless glazes, matting, clear waxes, natural oils (e.g. linseed oil) or transparent varnishes. Machinability All wood assortments of beech can be easily and cleanly processed, due to the generally homogeneous structure and despite the high hardness. Exceptions to this are qualities with coarse fibre deviations, e.g. due to knots. Screwing and nailing requires pre-drilling. Beech is well suited for the production of sliced and rotary cut veneers. In order to maintain the respective colour characteristics, the use of UV-stable surface treatment agents is recommended. Beech is easy to bend after steaming. The sapwood area can be saturated very well, but the redheart is difficult to saturate. Drying The strongly shrinking beech tends to warp and crack when drying. Stacking and drying should therefore be carried out with great care to avoid discoloration which would impair quality. Drying of the red-heart wood must also be carried out carefully due to the slower release of moisture. Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2) The natural durability of beech, including the red heartwood, is poor in accordance with durability class 5 of DIN EN 350, as the core materials are not incrusted into the cell walls. Areas of application Due to the very good strength properties, the high hardness and the simple wood appearance of the non-cored beech, it is in demand for the uniform furniture and door industry as well as for stairs, floors and rotary cut veneers for plywood. The unique colouring of the red heartwood beech predestines it for the production of decorative furniture and interior furnishings with sophisticated design. Due to its low natural durability, either classic wood protection methods (e.g. sleeper wood) or new, innovative wood modification methods (e.g. thermal beech) are used for exterior applications. Remarks Red core formation must not be confused with quality-reducing wood discoloration reactions, such as the splash core or discoloration after felling (running-in, stick). Beech - Technical properties Weight fresh: 820-1 070-1 270 kg/m³ Density air-dry: (12-15% u)0.54-0.72-0.91 g/cm³ Compressive strength u12-1535-53-99 N/mm² Flexural strength u12-1563-105-210 N/mm² Modulus of elasticity (bending) u12-1510 000-16 000-18 000 N/mm² Hardness (JANKA) ⊥, converted4,97-7,10 kN Hardness (BRINELL) ⊥ to fiber u12-1528-40 N/mm² Differential shrinkage (radial)0.19-0.22 % Differential shrinkage (tangential)0.38-0.44 % pH value5.1-5.4 Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2)Class 5

Welcome to ENERsign® Price Configurator with U-Value window Calculation:

You don’t want to go through the trouble of obtaining various offers, but would like to find out the recommended prices and U-values for our high-quality ENERsign®primus window? Then try our price configurator, here you can put together your desired windows as you wish and try out different sizes and designs.

All you need is the desired dimensions and window types and you can configure immediately. The window price and U-value window will be adjusted automatically, so that you always have an overview and can compare directly.

We are uncompromising in the product we offer:
ENERsign®primus elements with at least triple glazing with a U-value glass of 0.52 W/m²K and a g-value of 53%. Other designs and special glasses are available on request.

Welcome to the ENERsign® U-Value window configurator:

The U-value window is also called heat transfer coefficient and according to the standard DIN EN 10077 it indicates the amount of thermal energy lost through a window to the outside.

The U-value window is calculated using the formula W/(m²K), i.e. watts per square metre and Kelvin. This value refers to the entire window and defines the amount of energy per unit of time that flows through an area of one square meter when the air temperature on both sides differs by one Kelvin. The lower this value is, the less energy or heat the window emits.

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